Copper Tungsten PCD Disk Electrode

Copper Tungsten PCD Disk Electrode
copper tungsten PCD disk electrodeCopper tungsten PCD disk electrode is made by copper tungsten (WCu) material. Most of customer choice electrode made by tungsten composition 70%, 75% and 80% by weight depends on PCD material. We also successful make the "trapezoidal" shape product which allows the acute angle of the electrode to be dressed a "sharp" point.
Copper Tungsten PCD Disk Electrode Properties
Our copper tungsten electrode has high physical and mechanical properties to answer the PCD tools disk erosion need. We put lots of effort research and optimize our process to develop quality product for this application. Our copper tungsten alloys are designated as Class 10, Class 11, and Class 12.

copper tungsten PCD disk electrode

Copper tungsten electrode for EDM PCD tools disk erosion has below advantage:
-High electrical conductivity and regular component maintain electrical plus generator stable.
-High thermal conductivity guarantees PCD without damage by heat.
-High density make sure PCD insert surface has the lowest roughness.

Tungsten Copper Arc Contact

Tungsten-Copper-bar    
Tungsten copper alloy (WCu) is used for arcing contacts in SF6 circuit breakers for ultra high, high and medium voltage applications. At the heart of the switching chamber, WCu contacts are exposed to extreme mechanical and thermal loads: When the circuit is opened and closed, the arc starts directly at the switch contacts at a temperature of up to 20 000 °C.
Tungsten Copper Alloy

Tungsten copper alloy is popular because of its combination of unique material properties. A high level of temperature resistance is one of the most important advantages of tungsten, while the copper content increases the electrical and thermal conductivity. Contact materials made of WCu are also characterized by the following properties:

High arc eros
ion resistance
Good electrical conductivity
Excellent strength
Very good machinability
Good thermal conductivit
Low thermal expansion

No arc erosion: With the right mix of materials.
tungsten-copper    
By choosing the right mixture of tungsten and copper, we are able to influence the product's arc erosion properties. At a tungsten content of 80 %, we achieve the lowest arc erosion rates. Depending on the voltage and current intensity as well as on economic considerations, we can vary the tungsten content between 60 and 90 % to meet the exact needs of clients' application.

Good conductivity: High density makes it possible.
The denser the material, the better it is at conducting electricity and heat. One trick for producing WCu in higher densities is to add nickel during the sintering process. However, too much nickel has a negative influence on the conductivity of the material.

Mining Quarterly Deal Analysis-Tungsten Copper

Mining Quarterly Deal Analysis - Q4 2012: M&A and Investment Trends
Summary

GlobalData's "Mining Quarterly Deal Analysis - Q4 2012: M&A and Investment Trends" report is an essential source of data and trend analysis on mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and financings in the mining industry. The report provides detailed information on M&As, equity/debt offerings, private equity (PE), and partnership transactions registered in the mining industry in Q4 2012. The report provides detailed comparative data on the number of deals and their value in the last five quarters segregated into deal types, segments, and geographies. Besides, the report provides information on the top advisory firms in the mining industry.

Data presented in this report is derived from GlobalData's proprietary in-house deals database and primary and secondary research.

Scope
- Analysis of the market trends for the mining industry in the global arena.
- Review of deal trends in the Vanadium, Uranium, Tungsten, Titanium, Tin, Thorium, Tantalum, Silver, Ruthenium, Rhodium, Potash, Plutonium, Platinum, Phosphate, Palladium, Niobium, Nickel, Molybdenum, Mercury, Manganese, Magnesium, Lithium, Lead, Iron, Iridium, Gold, Diamond, Copper, Cobalt, Coal, Chromium, Antimony, Aluminum (Bauxite) and Zinc segments.
- Analysis of M&A, Equity/Debt Offerings, Private Equity, and Partnerships in the mining industry
- Summary of mining deals globally in the last five quarters
- Information on the top deals that took place in the mining industry
- Geographies covered include – North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South & Central America, and Middle East & Africa
- League Tables of financial advisors in M&A and equity/debt offerings. This includes key advisors such as Morgan Stanley, Credit Suisse, and Goldman Sachs

Tungsten Copper-Malaga Provides Update

MONTREAL, QUéBEC announces today that it is examining all possible alternatives to obtain financing or conclude a transaction with a strategic investor that could result in a merger or sale of a portion or all of its assets. Malaga is currently evaluating a formal offer to sell certain assets. The Corporation has sold and monetized a portion of its copper by-product that was stored on site, and expects to sell the balance in the coming months.

In addition, Malaga is currently not capable of discharging all of its financial obligations as they become due. The mine and plant at Pasto Bueno are still on care and maintenance. The Corporation is putting in place additional measures to further reduce costs.

Lastly, Malaga also announces the resignation of Me. Anne-Marie Sheahan from the Board of Directors.

Forward-looking Statement

This news release contains certain forward-looking statements or forward looking-information. These forward looking statements are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties beyond the Corporation's ability to control or predict which could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those anticipated in such forward looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties are disclosed under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Corporation's Annual Information Form for the year ended December 31, 2011 and dated March 27, 2012. Further, forward-looking information is in addition based on various assumptions, including, without limitation, the expectation and beliefs of management, the assumed long term price of tungsten, that the Pasto Bueno property is a technical viable and economic operation and that the Corporation can access financing. Should one or more of these risks and uncertainties materialize, or should the underlying assumption prove incorrect or different, actual results may vary materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. The information provided reflects management's current expectations regarding future events and performance as of the date of this news release. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

Commodity prices in the (very) long run

BACK in the late 1960s and early 1970s, rapid worldwide population growth and soaring commodity prices gave rise to fears that humans were outgrowing their planet's resource capacity. Some worried that crisis and Malthusian collapse was imminent. Among these pessimists was one Paul Ehrlich, a biologist who warned that population increase had gotten dangerously out of hand. Mr Ehrlich's writings generated scepticism in some quarters, however. Economist Julian Simon famously disagreed with Mr Ehrlich's view and argued instead that rising commodity prices would lead markets to respond, through efficiency, substitution, and supply increases. In 1980, he entered into a bet with Mr Ehrlich: that the price of a basket of five commodities (chromium, copper, nickel, tin, and tungsten) would be lower in a decade's time, in 1990. Mr Simon easily won his bet, striking a blow for the view that over the long run commodity prices effectively trigger market responses, thereby preventing Malthusian catastrophes.

Still, the view that a fundamental scarcity may generate commodity price spikes—and economic damage—beyond our capacity to respond is alive and well, fueled by a new era of dear commodities. It seems possible, some reckon, that Mr Simon just got lucky with the timing.

He may have, according to an interesting new NBER paper examining commodity prices over the very long run, from about 1850 on. David Jacks has assembled real commodity price data for 30 commodities, spanning animal products, energy products, and industrial and precious metals. He identifies three price trends corresponding to three time horizons: long-run trends, medium-run "supercycles", and short-run booms and busts.

Short-run booms and busts make for compelling financial journalism and can have nasty effects on the economies of commodity exporters. But it is the medium-run supercycles, which generally span a few decades, that seem to do most to shape our perceptions of "long-run" commodity price trends. Mr Jacks writes that these episodes seem to correspond to periods of rapid industrialisation and growth, producing an upswing in prices as soaring demand faces supply constraints, followed by a downswing as slowing growth meets expanding supply. Mr Jacks identifies major supercycle starting points in the 1890s, 1930s, and 1960s; followed by peaks in the 1910s, 1950s, and 1970s (around the time Messrs Ehrlich and Simon were preparing the bet); and endpoints in the 1930s, 1960s, and 1990s (the period at which Mr Simon was declared the winner). Mr Jacks notes the possible beginning of a new broad supercycle in the late 1990s but reckons its still too early to tell. Most of the commodities he tracks have returned to their very-long-run trends from below-trend points in the 1990s, and about half are now above trend. But based on historical patterns, he suggests that prices may be close to their supercycle peak.

International Conflict That Starts in Your Pocket

It is the deadliest conflict since World War II, the epicentre has been called the "rape capital of the world," and it has produced a long list of accused before the International Criminal Court charged with war crimes and crimes against humanity. It is a far away conflict in a far away land. But unbeknownst to many readers, it's also in your pocket.

You can take out your cell phone now, open up its web browser and type in "congo coltan" to see how Google finishes the search. The first three search options it gave me ended with "mining," "war," or "conflict."

A plethora of factors exists for the fighting and suffering in the Democratic Republic of Congo. However, one factor that keeps fuelling conflict between warlords and governments (foreign and domestic) is the prospect of enrichment. The DRC may have placed dead last in the 2011 UN Human Development Index, but mineral deposits make it one of the richest places on earth. Valued at $24 trillion, Congolese mineral deposits are invaluable to the production of basic electronics, like the cell phone in your pocket and laptop in front of you.

Minerals -- in particular tin, tantalum (coltan), and tungsten -- are mined in conditions no cell-phone user would ever tolerate in his home country. They are smuggled out of the DRC, often by paying bribes, where they take up their anonymous places in the lucrative global supply chain, perpetuating a cycle of killing, devastation, and corruption at home.

Rail network in London is Europe's largest construction project

Greg Reichmann used to mine coal for Xstrata in Australia's Queensland state. Now he's a tunneler under Mayfair, the most expensive place in the world to rent office space and home to London's hedge-fund district.

Reichmann, 32, is one of several hundred former miners drafted in by Crossrail Ltd. to build a rail network connecting Heathrow, the world's busiest international airport, with the West End entertainment district and offices in the City of London and Canary Wharf. At an estimated $23 billion, it's Europe's largest construction project.

"It differs from mining because you're installing an asset rather than removing it," said Reichmann, a Crossrail assistant project manager, fighting to be heard over the roar of a conveyor belt carrying tons of mud, clay and earth away from a tunnel face 82 feet below the city's Hyde Park. "It's a lot cleaner than coal mining."

London was the first city in the world to have an underground railway when the Metropolitan line opened 150 years ago. Yet the scale of the current project has exposed a dearth of modern tunneling expertise in Britain, which hasn't seen subterranean works on this scale since the Channel Tunnel was completed in 1994, connecting England with France.

The 73-mile railroad will carry as many as 48 trains an hour, with each train carrying as many as 1,500 passengers, and will boost London's rail capacity by 10 percent when it opens in 2018. Each platform is 250 meters long, more than twice the
Advertisement
length of Wembley Stadium's soccer field. Crossrail, a wholly owned subsidiary of Transport for London, created a specialist academy to train more than 2,000 underground workers, and recruiting miners who previously worked as far afield as Niger and South Africa.

"The reality is that with tunneling on this size and scale, the resources are not here at the moment," said Andrew Wolstenholme, chief executive officer of Crossrail. The project always envisaged training its own subsurface workers, said the former officer in the British Army's Royal Engineers and Programme Director for Heathrow's fifth terminal construction.

As well as transporting fliers to Heathrow from London's Canary Wharf financial district in about 40 minutes, a journey that takes about an hour, according to Transport for London, the project will add to the value of real estate here, according to a study by property consultant GVA Grimley commissioned by Crossrail.

Companies including Derwent London Plc and Land Securities Plc are betting on the railroad's success with office and residential developments adding to the more than 32 million square feet of property planned by Crossrail itself.

The value of homes near Crossrail stations may increase by 25 percent in central London and by 20 percent in the city's suburbs, the GVA Grimley study found.

London will get nine new stations, including one at Tottenham Court Road, where Derwent and Land Securities are buying land and developing new offices and residential property.

Land Securities, Britain's biggest real estate investment trust, won support from planning officers to build stores and 18 apartments on Oxford Street near the entrance to the Tottenham Court Road Crossrail station.

"There's big demand for space in the West End and there hasn't been a great deal of development," said Derwent CEO John Burns. "There's more action going on this year and the market can quite easily absorb it. As it becomes more popular, our rents are going higher."

London's West End ousted Hong Kong last year as the world's most expensive location to lease offices. Companies spend the equivalent of $23,500 a year for each employee in the central London neighborhood compared with $22,190 in Hong Kong, broker DTZ said in a report.

Snaking their way from Hyde Park toward Tottenham Court Road are "Ada" and "Phyllis," two of the eight 150-metre- long tunnel-boring machines each weighing 1,000 metric tons, weaving past sewers and existing subterranean train tracks at depths of meters or more.

The machines are named after Ada Lovelace, credited as one of the earliest computer scientists, and Phyllis Pearsall who walked 23,000 streets to create the city's first atlas, known as the "London A-Z," still a top seller today.

Life in the tunnels is noisy. The average decibel level is 86 and rises to 92, almost as loud as a jackhammer, at the cutting head of the tunnel, according to Jason Meadows, who gives safety briefings to those working underground.

"Our biggest problem is space," Meadows said. "We're knackered for space. We've got the motorway above us and the tube around us."

Only 30 people are allowed in a tunnel at a time, with 20 of those operating the boring machines. Each wears a numbered brass token to ensure at least one means of identification is recoverable in the aftermath of a fire.

Reichmann is not the only former miner beneath the royal park's Speakers' Corner, where Edmund Beales' Reform League clashed with Police in 1866 as he fought for political representation for the working class.

For Project Field Engineer Zac Bastin, 42, it's a chance to use skills he honed in Africa closer to home.

"Working in London couldn't be more different," he said. "You get to be at home with the family."

Bastin trained at the Camborne School of Mines on England's southern coast in Cornwall before searching for platinum in South Africa for Anglo American, and then working in west Africa's gold mines. Working for Echo Bay Mines, since bought by Kinross Gold, he faced the twin threats of a military coup and salmonella in Niger.

Miners try to take some comforts underground. Tea- and coffee-making paraphernalia sit on a dusty, mud-caked work bench next to a bottle of milk toward the end of the boring machine.

"It's no different from any other building site," said Bastin, who will be under Bond Street in about a week. "It's just that the milk goes sour a bit quicker."

Balfour Beatty, Britain's largest construction company, won a 130-million-pound contract to build two miles of Crossrail track and a new station in London's southeast, according to a statement yesterday.

When Crossrail is completed in 2018, the miners and tunnelers will probably move on.

For Bastin, that may involve a return to Cornwall, once the source of two-thirds of the world's copper. The region is striving to revive the industry as Celeste Mining seeks to resume work at South Crofty, Britain's last tin mine to close, and Wolf Minerals reopens a tungsten mine in Devon that was last used to make armaments to defeat Hitler's Nazi Germany.

"Tunneling is a small world," Wolstenholme, the Crossrail chief, said. "There will be a couple of hundred people who operate the tunnel boring machines. They will travel to where the next big project is."

Ormonde strikes ‘near surface’ gold

The Meath-headquartered mineral exploration firm, Ormonde Mining, has said further drilling work at its Peralonso Permit in Spain’s Salamanca Province further confirms the presence of ‘near surface’ gold.
On the back of the results for the last two drills of an eight-hole programme, at the site in western Spain, the Clonee-based company said the permit may have “significant scale”.

Ormonde’s managing director, Kerr Anderson, said recent prospecting work — carried out about 1.2km east/north- east of the main drilling area — returned “very encouraging results”.

“This suggests that the structures identified to date at Peralonso may have significant scale,” said Mr Anderson.

The prospect forms part of a joint venture Ormonde has with the London-based/ AIM-listed exploration firm, Aurum Mining, and each of the eight holes drilled, to date, have encountered shallow near-surface gold structures.

Ormonde said that the work carried out so far, suggests “several gold-bearing structures, in this area, with considerable strike potential”.

Last month, Ormonde announced that it is hoping to sell its La Zarza copper and gold project in southern Spain, for €5m before the end of the first half of this year.

The company — whose headline asset remains the Barruecopardo Tungsten project in Salamanca, which remains the main focus and should reach commercial production later this year — has signed a binding option with Spanish company Nueva Tharsis.

That company is due to complete due diligence on La Zarza by the middle of May.

This should see it take over 100% ownership of the asset from Ormonde.